Immunosuppressive therapy has contributed significantly to improved survival after solid organ transplantation. Nevertheless, treatment-related adverse events and persistently high risk of chronic graft rejection remain major obstacles to long-term survival after lung transplantation. The development of new agents, refinements in techniques to monitor immunosuppression, and enhanced understanding of transplant immunobiology are essential for further improvements in outcome.

In this article, conventional immunosuppressive regimens, novel approaches to preventing graft rejection, and investigational agents for solid organ transplantation are reviewed.