All organisms are protected by their immune system but occasionally this system overreacts leading to allergic and inflammatory reactions in the body. These reactions are the starting points of various diseases like asthma, eczema and urticaria etc. They involve activation of T cells and release of histamines and toxic chemicals from mast cells and eosinophils respectively. Several chemically and naturally synthesized therapeutic agents are available for the treatment of these immunological diseases.

The present review provides a detailed account of mechanism of allergic and inflammatory reactions, its types and treatment strategies with a special focus on some recent patents in this field.