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Position Paper for the Organization of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Programs for Acute Respiratory Failure in Adult Patients.

Authors: Combes A, Brodie D, Bartlett R, Brochard L, Brower R, Conrad S, De Backer D, Fan E, Ferguson N, Fortenberry J, Fraser J, Gattinoni L, Lynch W, MacLaren G, Mercat A, Mueller T, Ogino M, Peek G, Pellegrino V, Pesenti A, Ranieri M, S.sky A, Vuylsteke A, The International ECMO Network (ECMONet) Abstract The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe acute respiratory failure (ARF) in adults is growing rapidly given recent advances in technology, even though there is controversy regarding the evidence justifying its use. Since ECMO is a complex, high risk, and costly modality, at present it should be conducted in centers with sufficient experience, volume and expertise to ensure it is used safely. This position paper represents the consensus opinion of an inte...

The challenge of objective confirmation of asthma diagnosis in primary care.

We present a case highlighting the challenge of objective confirmation of asthma diagnosis in primary care and provide a critical review of the diagnostic approaches highlighted above. Our aim is to provide a pragmatic interpretation of the available literature with a view to assisting clinicians in selecting the diagnostic test best suited for individualised patient encounters. PMID: 25056516 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Respiratory Care)

Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)

First reported in September 2012, the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has resulted in 206 laboratory-confirmed deaths, with a 42% mortality rate as of 27 March 2014. Closely related coronaviruses have been isolated in bats, but most evidence suggests that humans have become infected directly from camels in a number of separate transmission events, with limited human-to-human transmission reported thus far. The majority of cases originated in the Middle East (predominantly Saudi Arabia), including all the index cases. (Source: Clinical Microbiology Newsletter)

Early non‐invasive ventilation treatment for respiratory failure due to severe community‐acquired pneumonia

ConclusionsSuccessful treatment is strongly related to less severe illness as well as to a good initial and sustained response to medical therapy and NIV treatment. Constant monitoring of these patients is mandatory. (Source: The Clinical Respiratory Journal)

Heat inactivation of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

The culture supernatants of the emerging Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) were submitted to three temperatures over time and tested for infectivity by TCID50 method on Vero E6 cells. At 56°C, almost 25 minutes were necessary to reduce the initial titre by 4 log10. Increasing temperature to 65°C had a strong negative effect on viral infectivity as virucidy dropped significantly to 1 minute. On the contrary, no significant decrease in titre was observed after 2 hours at 25°C. These data might be useful in establishing biosafety measures in laboratories against MERS‐CoV. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)

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